- Safety issues regarding melatonin use in child and adolescent patients with sleep problems
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Eunsoo Moon, Jung Hyun Lee
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Kosin Med J. 2022;37(4):264-270. Published online December 23, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.22.142
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Abstract
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- Several studies have reported that melatonin may be effective in treating sleep problems in children and adolescents. However, evidence regarding the safety of melatonin use in children and adolescents in their growth and developmental stages is warranted. Therefore, we aimed to summarize the literature on the safety of melatonin use in children and adolescents with insomnia and sleep disturbances. According to existing evidence, there are no serious adverse effects of long-term melatonin use in children and adolescents. The common adverse effects reported in long-term studies are fatigue, somnolence, and mood swings. In addition, there is no evidence that long-term use of melatonin inhibits the natural secretion of melatonin. It is necessary to monitor potential drug interactions with medications such as inhibitors and enhancers of cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2). Furthermore, low CYP1A2 expression in young children requires proper dose adjustment. Although sufficient experience of melatonin use in children and adolescents has yet to be attained, accumulating evidence suggests that the use of melatonin in children and adolescents with sleep problems might be effective and tolerable. Considering the abuse or overdose risk of hypnotics or benzodiazepines, melatonin supplements may be a good therapeutic alternative. Future studies on the long-term safety of melatonin for physiological and mental function in children and adolescents are required to establish certainty about melatonin use in children and adolescents.
- Analysis of ultradian rest-activity rhythms using locomotor activity in mice
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Jung Hyun Lee, Eunsoo Moon, Jeonghyun Park, Yoo Rha Hong, Min Yoon
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Kosin Med J. 2022;37(2):127-133. Published online June 24, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.22.023
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Abstract
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- Background
Locomotor activity in mice may have an ultradian rest-activity rhythm. However, to date, no study has shown how locomotor activity can be explained statistically using fitted cosine curves. Therefore, this study explored whether the ultradian rhythm of locomotor activity in mice could be analyzed using cosine fitting analysis.
Methods The locomotor activity of 20 male mice under a 12/12-hour dark/light cycle for 2 days was fitted to a cosine function to obtain the best fit. The mean absolute error (MAE) values were used to determine the explanatory power of the calculated cosine model for locomotor activity. The cosine fitting analysis was performed using R statistical software (version 4.1.1).
Results The mean MAE was 0.2944, whereas the mean MAE for integrating the individual analyses in the two experimental groups was 0.3284. The periods of the estimated ultradian rest-activity rhythm ranged from 1.602 to 4.168 hours.
Conclusions These results suggest that locomotor activity data reflect an ultradian rhythm better than a circadian rhythm. Locomotor activity can be statistically fitted to a cosine curve under well-controlled conditions. In the future, it will be necessary to explore whether this cosine-fitting analysis can be used to analyze ultradian rhythms under different experimental conditions.
- Genipin Inhibits Hypoxia-Induced Accumulation of HIF-1α and VEGF Expressions in Human Cervical Carcinoma Cells
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Cho Eui Jin, Jung Hyun Lee, Geun Joo Kim, Tae Hwa Lee
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Kosin Med J. 2019;34(2):106-116. Published online December 31, 2019
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.2019.34.2.106
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Abstract
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Objectives
Hypoxia—a characteristic of almost all types of solid tumors—has been associated with poor outcomes in several human malignancies. Genipin—an active constituent of Gardenia fruit— has been reported to exert an anti-tumor effect in several cancers. In this study, we investigated inhibition of angiogenesis using Genipin-mediated hypoxia-induced hypoxia inducible factor (HIF-1) and VEGF expression in human cervical cancer cells.
Methods
Under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, the expression of HIF-1α and VEGF in cervical cancer HeLa cells was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting. Luciferase reporter assays were used to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the hypoxia-induced survivin activation.
Results
Surprisingly, we found that Genipin suppressed the HIF-1α accumulation during hypoxia in human liver cancer cell line (HepG2), human prostate cancer cell line (LNCaP), colon cancer cell line (HCT116), and breast cancer cell line (MDA231). Genipin treatment also significantly reduced hypoxia-induced secretion of VEGF.
Conclusions
Suppression of HIF-1α accumulation following treatment with Genipin under hypoxia was associated with PI3K and MAPK pathways. Taken together, these results suggested that Genipin inhibits HIF-1α expression through inhibition of PI3K and MAPK signaling pathways. These results provide new insights into a potential mechanism of the anticancer properties of Genipin.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- Novel Findings regarding the Bioactivity of the Natural Blue Pigment Genipin in Human Diseases
Magdalena Bryś, Karina Urbańska, Beata Olas International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(2): 902. CrossRef - The Effects of Natural and Synthetic Blue Dyes on Human Health: A Review of Current Knowledge and Therapeutic Perspectives
Beata Olas, Jacek Białecki, Karina Urbańska, Magdalena Bryś Advances in Nutrition.2021; 12(6): 2301. CrossRef - Polyphenols Extracted from Chinese Hickory (Carya cathayensis) Promote Apoptosis and Inhibit Proliferation through the p53-Dependent Intrinsic and HIF-1α-VEGF Pathways in Ovarian Cancer Cells
Zhiping He, Shaozhen Wu, Ju Lin, Ashley Booth, Gary O’Neal Rankin, Ivan Martinez, Yi Charlie Chen Applied Sciences.2020; 10(23): 8615. CrossRef
- The Study in Vitamin D Concentration in the Blood for Infants with High Level of Alkaline Phosphatase
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Ji Sung Kim, Jae Yong Choi, Kyun Woo Lee, Ick Jin Song, Cheol Am Kim, Byeong Hee Son, Jung Hyun Lee
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Kosin Med J. 2012;27(1):17-24. Published online June 11, 2012
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.7180/kmj.2012.27.1.17
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1,124
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Abstract
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Objectives
Nowadays most infants on exclusively breast feeding have vitamin D deficiency due to the increase of breast feeding. However, domestic research lacks appropriate materials. Therefore, we researched practical clinical aspects of vitamin D deficiency related to breast milk feeding for infants who have a high amount of alkaline phosphatase (> 500 IU/L).
Methods
The subjects of the study were 31 infants with high alkaline phosphatase level. We tested with 25-hydroxycholecalciferol (25-OHD3), parathyroid hormone, calcium, ionized calcium, phosphorus in their blood and with a wrist x-ray. Then, we divided them into two groups of breast feeding and formula feeding and compared the results.
Results
Eighteen infants (58%) out of 31 infants that have high alkaline phosphatase were vitamin D insufficiency or deficiency, and 16 (100%) breast feeding infants of them showed vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. However, only 2 (13%) of 15 formula feeding infants were at insufficiency. There was a correlation between alkaline phosphatase and 25-OHD3 concentration in multiple regression analysis, but no correlation in other variables was found in group of breast milk feeding infants. There was neither correlation between vitamin D concentration and alkaline phosphatase nor other correlated variables in the group of formula milk feeding infants.
Conclusions
In this study, there was a high probability of vitamin D deficiency in the breast feeding infants with a high alkaline phosphatase level. Therefore, it is considered to be worth utilizing alkaline phosphatase as a screening test for vitamin D deficiency or rickets for breast feeding infants.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- The Role of Vitamin D in Menopausal Medicine
Mijin Kim, Tae-Hee Kim, Hae-Hyeog Lee, Heung Yeol Kim, Min-Jung Oh Kosin Medical Journal.2016; 31(2): 97. CrossRef - The Role of Vitamin D in Menopausal Medicine
Mijin Kim, Tae-Hee Kim, Hae-Hyeog Lee, Heung Yeol Kim, Min-Jung Oh Kosin Medical Journal.2016; 31(2): 97. CrossRef - Recent Updates on Vitamin D and Pediatric Gastrointestinal Diseases
Ji-Hyun Seo, Ju Young Chang, Ji Sook Park, Chan-Hoo Park, Hee-Shang Youn Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition.2012; 15(3): 138. CrossRef
- A Case of Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome in a Girl with Nephrotic Syndrome
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Min Ji Kim, Hoyeon Hwang, Yu Jin Jung, Jung Hyun Lee, Jae Sun Park, Kyung Soon Jeong
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Kosin Med J. 2011;26(2):167-172. Published online December 1, 2011
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- Growth Assessment of Children and Adolescents Complaining of Short Stature
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Jung Hyun Lee
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Kosin Med J. 2008;23(3):42-48. Published online September 30, 2008
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- A Case of Achodroplasia Confirmed by Mutation Analysis of FGFR3 Gene
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Jung Hyun Lee
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Kosin Med J. 2008;23(3):90-94. Published online September 30, 2008
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- A Case of Aplastic Anemia Following Acute Hepatitis
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Dae Sung Lee, Jung Hyun Lee, Jae Sun Park, Mi Hyang Kim
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Kosin Med J. 2008;23(3):95-98. Published online September 30, 2008
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- A Case of Prader-Willi Syndrome with Hypotonia and Cryptorchidism Diagnosed at Neonate
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Soon Yoe, Jung Hyun Lee, Yoo Rha Hong
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Kosin Med J. 2007;22(2):186-190. Published online December 31, 2007
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- Clinical Observation of Blood Culture Positive Neonatal Septicemia
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Jung Hyun Lee, Soon Yeo, Jae Sun Park
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Kosin Med J. 2006;21(2):119-125.
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- Paternity Test by Analysis of HLA Antigens
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Ho Yen Yu, Dae Sung Lee, Jung Hyun Lee, Jae Sun Park
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Kosin Med J. 2006;21(2):133-138.
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- High Dose Ara-C Based Chemotherapy in the Children with Acute Myelocytic Leukemia
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Yoo Rha Hong, Bo Young Lee, Jung Hyun Lee, Ji Hae Kang, Jae Sun Park, Mi Hyang Kim
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Kosin Med J. 2004;19(1):1-8.
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